Navigating State Paid Family Leave (PFL) and Disability Insurance (DI) Laws

Last updated: November 25, 2024

This guide provides an overview of state requirements for Paid Family Leave (PFL) and Disability Insurance (DI) programs across the United States. Please note that specific regulations, eligibility criteria, and benefit structures may vary by state.

Mandatory State Programs

State

Programs

Coverage Requirements

Employee Eligibility

Benefits

California

SDI, PFL

1+ employees, $100+ quarterly payroll

$300+ base period earnings

60-70% of weekly earnings, max $1,620/week, 52 weeks DI, 8 weeks PFL

Colorado

PFML

1+ employee private employers

$2,500 base period earnings

90% of wages up to state average weekly wage, max $1,100/week, 12 weeks + 4 weeks for pregnancy

Connecticut

FMLI

All private employers except non-public schools

$2,325 highest quarter earnings

Up to 95% of base weekly earnings, max $941.40/week, 12 weeks + 2 weeks for pregnancy

Hawaii

TDI

1+ employees, $225+ quarterly payroll

20+ hours/14 weeks, $400+ earnings

58% of average weekly earnings, max $798/week, 26 weeks

Massachusetts

PFML

All Massachusetts employers

30x weekly benefit amount earnings

Up to 80% of average weekly wage, max $1,149.90/week, 20 weeks medical, 12 weeks family, 26 weeks total

New Jersey

TDI, FLI

1+ employees, $1,000 annual payroll

$283/week for 20 weeks

85% of average weekly wage, max $1,055/week, 26 weeks DI, 12 weeks FL

New York

DBL, PFL

1+ employees for 30 days

4 consecutive weeks of work

DBL: 50% of average weekly wage, max $170; PFL: 67% of average weekly wage, max $1,151.16, 26 weeks DBL, 12 weeks PFL

Oregon

FMLI

All employers with Oregon employees

$1,000 base year earnings

Up to 100% of average weekly wage, max 120% of state average weekly wage, 12 weeks total

Rhode Island

TDI, TCI

1+ employees earning $1,000+/quarter

N/A

4.62% of highest quarter wages, max $1,043/week, 30 weeks TDI, 6 weeks TCI

Washington

PFML

All Washington employers

820 hours during qualifying period

Up to 90% of average weekly wage, max $1,456/week, 12 weeks standard, up to 18 weeks with complications

Voluntary State Programs

  • Alabama

  • Arkansas

  • Florida

  • New Hampshire

  • Tennessee

  • Texas

  • Vermont

  • Virginia

Important Considerations:

  • Waiting Periods: Most states require a waiting period before benefits begin.

  • Private Plans: Many states allow private plans as alternatives to state-run programs.

  • Contribution Rates and Wage Bases: These vary by state and may change annually.

  • Pregnancy-Related Conditions: Some states have additional provisions for pregnancy-related conditions.

  • Taxes: Benefits may be subject to state and federal taxes.

For the most accurate and up-to-date information, please consult your state's specific guidelines or speak with your HR representative.

To learn more about our employee leave administration procedures, please refer to this helpful article: Employee Leave Administration Guide: Disability Insurance & Paid Family Leave